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Demystifying Constructors in Java: The Blueprint of Your Objects

  If you've started your journey into Java programming, you've undoubtedly heard the term "object-oriented." At the heart of this paradigm lies the concept of objects. But how do these objects come to life with their initial state? The answer is the   constructor . Think of a constructor as the birth ceremony for an object. It's a special method that gets called automatically when you create a new instance of a class using the  new  keyword. Its primary job is to  initialize the newborn object , setting its initial values and ensuring it starts its life in a valid state. What Exactly is a Constructor? A constructor is a block of code that initializes a newly created object. It looks similar to a method but has some key differences: Its name must be exactly the same as the class name. It has no return type, not even  void . This last point is crucial. A constructor  doesn't  return a value. Its purpose is purely initialization. A Simple Example: Th...
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Understanding OOP -Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation

  1. Quick Recap: What is OOP? OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) is about designing programs around objects that have data (attributes) and behaviors (methods) . Main OOP principles: Inheritance – Reuse code from one class in another Polymorphism – One method, many forms Encapsulation – Protect data by controlling access Abstraction – Hide implementation details (covered later) 2. Access Modifiers in Java Access modifiers control visibility of classes, methods, and variables. Modifier Access Level public Accessible from anywhere protected Accessible in same package and subclasses default (no keyword) Accessible in same package only private Accessible only inside the same class 3. Inheritance – Reusing Code Inheritance allows one class ( child/subclass ) to get properties and methods from another class ( parent/superclass ). Example: class Vehicle { public void start () { System.out.println( "Vehicle is starting..." ); } } ...
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Java for Beginners – Functions & Object-Oriented Basics

  1. What are Functions (Methods) in Java? A function (in Java we call it a method ) is a block of code that performs a specific task. Instead of repeating code, you write it once inside a method and call it whenever you need it. Example: public static void greet () { System.out.println( "Hello! Welcome to Java." ); } 2. Why Use Methods? ✅ Reusability – Write once, use many times ✅ Cleaner code – Easier to read & maintain ✅ Better structure – Breaks big programs into smaller parts 3. Syntax of a Method accessModifier returnType methodName (parameters) { // method body return value; // only if returnType is not void } Example: public static int add ( int a, int b) { return a + b; } 4. Calling a Method public class Example { public static void greet () { System.out.println( "Hello!" ); } public static void main (String[] args) { greet(); // method call } } 5. Methods wit...
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